Based on recessional velocity of 4050 km/sec, about 180 million light years away. Given that and apparent size of 3.0 by 1.5 arcmin, about 160 thousand light years in diameter.

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 02 58 00

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA of 03 01 16, and adds "= Bigourdan 255"

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA of 03 01 20, and adds "= Bigourdan 256"

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA of 03 01 48, and adds "= Bigourdan 257"

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 03 01 59

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 03 01 59

The second Index Catalog lists a corrected RA (per Howe) of 03 02 04 and adds "12th magnitude star in extremely faint nebula".

With its companion, PGC 11834 (= NGC 1232A), NGC 1232 is Arp 41, an example of a spiral galaxy with a faint companion. Based on a recessional velocity of 1605 km/sec, NGC 1232 is about 70 million light years away, in good agreement with redshift-independent distance estimates of 45 to 75 million light years. NGC 1232A has a redshift-independent distance estimate of about 70 million light years, but the listed redshift is 6495 km/sec, which corresponds to 290 million light years distance, so there is something wrong somewhere. Given the distorted shape of the smaller galaxy, it seems likely that it really is a companion of the larger one, and the redshift measurement is incorrect. Given that assumption, the distance and 7.4 by 6.5 arcmin apparent size of the larger galaxy corresponds to an object over 150 thousand light years across, while the 0.9 by 0.8 arcmin apparent size of the smaller galaxy corresponds to only 18 thousand light years. If the smaller galaxy is really a background object, it is about 75 thousand light years across.

Per Dreyer, NGC 1233 (= Stephan's list III(#20), 1860 RA 03 03 31, NPD 51 12.7) is "faint, very small, round, difficult". The position precesses to RA 03 12 32.3, Dec +39 19 12, only 0.2 arcmin west of the center of the galaxy, so the identification is certain. For a discussion of the possible double listing, see NGC 1235. Based on a recessional velocity of 4390 km/sec, NGC 1233 is about 200 million light years away. (A second recessional velocity measurement of 4890 km/sec would put the galaxy 25 million light years further away.) Given that and its 1.8 by 0.6 arcmin apparent size, the galaxy is about 110 thousand light years across.

Per Dreyer, NGC 1235 (= Swift list V(#51), 1860 RA 03 03 49, NPD 51 36.2) is "very faint, small, a little extended". The position precesses to the one listed above, but there is nothing at or near that location. The nearest nebular object is NGC 1233, which would correspond to the description, but lies almost half a degree to the north. Since similar (and even larger) positional errors do occasionally occur in the NGC, NGC 1235 is often identified as a duplicate listing for NGC 1233; but as noted by Corwin, Swift recorded his observation on a night when he made a dozen other discoveries, almost all of which have excellent positions. So although it is possible that NGC 1235 and 1233 are the same, what Swift actually observed will probably never be known.